After listening to the monotonous and
incredible U.S. lies for four years about "we are not
there for Iraq’s oil," the oil truth is now
unfolding. Without a decisive military victory, the U.S.
occupation of Iraq seems to be about to grab its oil prize
by establishing a new sharing arrangement between a
major national producer and the multi-national giants, an
arrangement that Washington plans to set as the model to be
followed both by the oil-rich region and the world at large.
The reason that George W. Bush insists
that "victory" is achievable in Iraq is not that
he is deluded or isolated or ignorant or detached from
reality or ill-advised. No, it’s that his definition of
"victory" is different from others.Iraq not only
has the world’s second largest oil reserves; it also has
the world’s most easily retrievable oil. The
cost-per-barrel of extracting oil in Iraq is among the
lowest in the world because the reserves are relatively
close to the surface.
This contrasts starkly with the expensive
and risky lengths to which the oil industry must go to find
new reserves elsewhere - witness the super-deep offshore
drilling and cost-intensive techniques needed to extract oil
form Canada’s tar sands.This is precisely what Cheney was
getting at in his 1999 talk to the Institute of Petroleum.
In a world of dwindling petroleum resources, those who
control large reserves of cheaply produced oil will reap
unimaginable profits - and command the heights of the global
economy. It’s not just about profit, of course; control of
such resources would offer tremendous strategic advantages
to anyone who was interested in "full spectrum
domination" of world affairs.
The new "hydrocarbon law"
bill will "radically redraw the Iraqi oil industry and
throw open the doors to the third-largest oil reserves in
the world,". "It would allow the first large-scale
operation of foreign oil companies in the country since the
industry was nationalized in 1972." If the government’s
parliamentary majority prevails, the law should take effect
in March.
The law will give Exxon Mobil, BP, Shell
and other carbon cronies of the White House unprecedented
sweetheart deals, allowing them to pump gargantuan profits
from Iraq’s nominally state-owned oilfields for decades to
come. This law has been in the works since the very
beginning of the invasion - indeed, since months before the
invasion, when the Bush administration brought in Phillip
Carroll, former CEO of both Shell and Fluor, the
politically-wired oil servicing firm, to devise
"contingency plans" for divvying up Iraq’s oil
after the attack.
Once the deed was done, Carroll was made
head of the American "advisory committee"
overseeing the oil industry of the conquered land.From those
earliest days until now, throughout all the twists and
turns, the blood and chaos of the occupation, the Bush
administration has kept its eye on this prize.
The new law offers the barrelling
buccaneers of the West a juicy set of production-sharing
agreements (PSAs) that will maintain a fig leaf of Iraqi
ownership of the nation’s oil industry - while letting
Bush’s Big Oil buddies rake off up to 75 percent of all
oil profits for an indefinite period up front, until they
decide that their "infrastructure investments"
have been repaid. Even then, the agreements will give the
Western oil majors an unheard-of 20 percent of Iraq’s oil
profits - more than twice the average of standard PSAs.
Even if the new Iraqi government
maintains nominal state control of its oil industry, there
are still untold billions to be made in PSAs for drilling,
refining, distributing, servicing and securing oilfields and
pipelines.Likewise, the new Iraqi military and police forces
will require billions more in weapons, equipment and
training, bought from the US arms industry - and from the
fast-expanding "private security" industry, the
politically hard-wired mercenary forces that are the power
elite’s latest lucrative spin-off. And as with Saudi
Arabia, oil money from the new Iraq will pump untold
billions into American banks and investment houses.
But that’s not all. For even in the
worst-case scenario, if the Americans had to pull out
tomorrow, abandoning everything - their bases, their
contracts, their collaborators - the Bush power factions
would still come out ahead.For not only has their
already-incalculable wealth been vastly augmented (with any
potential losses indemnified by US taxpayers), but their
deeply-entrenched sway over American society has also
increased by several magnitudes.
No matter which party controls the
government, the militarization of America is so far gone now
it’s impossible to imagine any major rollback in the
gargantuan US war machine - 725 bases in 132 countries,
annual military budgets
topping
$500 billion, a planned $1 trillion in new weapons systems
already moving through the pipeline. Indeed, the Democratic
"opposition" has promised to expand the military.
Iran the Next Target
Iraqi and Iranian oil reserves are
targeted per se, but clinching these assets out of national
decision-making would also give Washington control over
about 60 percent of the world’s conventional oil reserves
located in essentially five countries in the Arabian Gulf
region (described officially by Iran as
"Persian").
Iran’s close proximity to these major
oil resources and her balancing power in controlling access
to them have made her the second major obstacle after Iraq
that could block any U.S. strategic drive to gain control
over them. In 2003, about 90% of oil exported from the Gulf
transited by tanker through the Strait of Hormuz, located
between Oman and Iran.
The Iraqi bill would allow for the first
foreign exploitation of Iraqi oil reserves since the
industry was nationalized in 1972. The introduction of PSAs
would also be a first in the Middle East. Washington wants
the Iraqi law to be the rule that has to apply across the
oil-rich region as well as worldwide.Most members of the
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
nationally control their oil industries through state-owned
companies with no appreciable foreign collaboration.
Such an arrangement was impossible to
pass through during the bi-polar world order, but has become
possible following the collapse of the former USSR if the
American uni-polar power could rein in the remnants of the
ruling national liberation movements, or could topple
them.Within this context only can the invasion and
occupation of Iraq as well as the U.S.-Iranian current
crisis be perceived. Since 1972 and 1979 respectively the
U.S. was denied the banana-republics-styled free hand over
Iraqi and Iranian oil assets.
Iraq was invaded and occupied while a
regime change that would secure U.S. control is still in the
works. Meanwhile Iran is being pressured and threatened with
more sanctions and a military U.S. strike to change the
regime in Tehran.The more vulnerable regional oil producers,
as well as their counterparts in central Asia, would be
wiser to do their best not to allow the draft Iraqi law to
pass to be the future yardstick to determine their relations
with the multi-national oil giants.
This may pre-empt a political and
military environment synonymous to the one prevailing now in
Iraq to be copied in Iran, which would inevitably lead to a
gradual erosion or abrupt end to their beneficial current
arrangements.Voluntarily or grudgingly getting along with
Bush’s old or "new" strategies, would never
spare them. They should reconsider because Iraq was the
first target and they are the next targets; Iran also should
reconsider in Iraq because she is "the" next
target.
Major oil consumers in China, Japan and
Europe should also be alerted to avert a possible U.S.
suffocating monopoly or hegemony on oil resources at a time
their as well as the American demand for oil is on the rise;
their economic competition or cooperation with the U.S. will
only be adversely compromised by Washington’s grip on the
vital mineral that is driving their industrial economies.